Pressure: |
(english) Pressure is a similar idea to stress, the force intensity at a point, except that pressure means something acting on the surface of an object rather than within the material of the object. When discussing the pressure within a fluid, the meaning is equivalent to stress. |
Shear stress: |
(english) Stress acting parallel to an imaginary plane cut through an object. |
Shear modulus: |
(english) The ratio of shear stress divided by the corresponding shear strain in a linear elastic material. |
Stiffness: |
(english) This is a general term which may be applied to materials or structures. When a force is applied to a structure, there is a displacement in the direction of the force; stiffness is the ratio of the force divided by the displacement. High stiffness means that a large force produces a small displacement. When discussing the stiffness of a material, the concept is the same, except that stress substitutes for force, and strain substitutes for displacement; see modulus of elasticity. |
Strength: |
(english) A very general term that may be applied to a material or a structure. In a material, strength refers to a level of stress at which there is a significant change in the state of the material, e.g., yielding or rupture. In a structure, strength refers to a level of level of loading which produces a significant change in the state of the structure, e.g., inelastic deformations, buckling, or collapse. |
Stress resultant: |
(english) A system of forces which is statically equivalent to a stress distribution over an area. |
Stress: |
(english) The intensity of internal force acting at a point in an object. Stress is measured in units of force per area. See shear stress and normal stress. |
Yield stress: |
(english) A material loaded beyond its yield stress, no longer exhibits linear elastic behavior. Metals, particularly mild steel, generally have a very well defined yield stress compared to other materials. Yield stress is sometimes called yield strength. |
Yield strain: |
(english) A material deformed beyond its yield strain, no longer exhibits linear elastic behavior. See yield stress. |
Modular design - |
(Software Engineering) a design approach that stresses modularity |