| Brinell Hardness Test | (english) A common standard method of measuring the hardness of materials. The smooth surface of the metal is subjected to indentation by a hardened steel ball under pressure. The diameter of the indentation, in the material surface, is then measured by a microscope and the hardness value is read from a chart or determined by a prescribed formula. |
| Brittle Inter-metallic Layer | (english) An iron-zinc alloy layer formed between the steel substrate and the free zinc of galvanized coatings. |
| Brittleness | (english) The tendency of a metal or material to fracture without undergoing appreciable plastic deformation. |
| Brown Sharp Gages | (english) A standard series of sizes refered to by numbers, in which the diameter of wire or thickness of sheet metal is generally produced and which is used in the manufacture of brass, bronze, copper, copper-base alloys and aluminum. These gage numbers have a definite relationship to each other. In this system, the decimal thickness is reduced by 50% every six gage numbers- while temper is expressed by the number of B&S gage numbers as cold reduced in thickness from previous annealing. For each B&S gage number in thickness reduction, where is assigned a hardness value of 1/4 hard. |
| Burn | (english) 1) Process of cutting metal by a stream of fuel and oxygen, 2) to permanently damage a metal or alloy by heating to cause either incipient melting or intergranular oxidation. |
| Burning | (english) (1) Permanently damaging a metal or alloy by heating to cause either incipient melting or intergranular oxidation. (2) In grinding getting the work hot enough to cause discoloration or to change the microstructure by tempering or hardening. |
| Burning 2 | (english) Heating a metal beyond the temperature limits allowable for the desired heat treatment, or beyond the point where serious oxidation or other detrimental action begins. |
| Burnishing | (english) Developing a smooth finish on a metal by tumbling or rubbing with a polished hand tool. |
| Burnishing 2 | (english) Smoothing surfaces through friction between the material and material such as hardened metal media. |
| Busheling | (english) A widely traded form of steel scrap consisting of sheet clips and stampings from metal production. Bushel baskets were used to collect the material through World War II, giving rise to the term. |