| Backing Sand | (english) The bulk of the sand in the flask. The sand compacted on top of the facing sand that covers the pattern. |
| Backoff | Removal of part of coil from entry end of unit; may be necessitated by a defect in coil or by a wreck in the mill, etc. Backoff weight is the part of the coil that is removed and not finished/produced. |
| BACKUP BOTTLE | (english) A vessel, normally cylindrical, which is used to store gas for future release of the energy in the compressed gas to an accumulator. |
| Backward Extrusion | (english) Forcing metal to flow in a direction opposite to the motion of a punch or die. |
| Backwardation | (english) Market condition where the spot, or current price for a metal is higher than the three-month delivery price. This usually indicates immediate demand is perceived to be stronger than long-term demand. Not considered to be a "normal" market state (See Contango). |
| Bainite | (english) A eutectoid transformation product of ferrite and a fine dispersion of carbide, generally formed at temperatures below 840 to 930 F (450 to 500 C): upper bainite is an aggregate containing parallel lath-shape units of ferrite, produces the so-called feathery appearance in optical microscopy, and is formed at temperatures above about 660 F (350 C); lower bainite consists of individual plate-shape units and is formed at temperatures below about 660 F (350 C). Also, a slender, needle-like (acicular) microstructure appearing in spring steel strip characterized by toughness and greater ductility than tempered Martensite. Bainite is a decomposition product of Austenite best developed at interrupted holding temperatures below those forming fine pearlite and above those giving Martensite. |
| Bake | (english) Heat in an oven to a low controlled temperature to remove gases or to harden a binder. |
| Bake Hardenable Steel | (english) A cold-rolled, low-carbon sheet steel used for automotive body panel applications. Because of the steel’s special processing, it has good stamping and strength characteristics and after paint is baked on, improved dent resistance. |
| Baked Core | (english) A core which has been heated through sufficient time and temperature to produce the desired physical properties attainable from its oxidizing or thermal-setting binders. |
| Baked Strength | (english) Compressive, shear, tensile or transverse strength of a mold sand mixture when baked at a temperature above 231 B0F (111 B0C) and then cooled to room temperature. |