| Rotation: | (english) Motion of an object where the path of every point is a circle or circular arc. A rotation is defined by a point and vector which determine the axis of rotation. The direction of the vector is the direction of the axis and the magnitude of the vector is the angle of rotation. |
| Scalar: | (english) A mathematical entity which has a numeric value but no direction (in contrast to a vector). |
| Section Modulus: | (english) A property of a cross sectional shape, which depends on shape, and orientation. Section modulus is usually denoted S, and S = I/c, where I = moment of inertia about an axis through the centroid, and c is the distance from the centroid to the extreme edge of the section. |
| Shear: | (english) An system of internal forces whose resultant is a force acting perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a structural member or assembly: sometimes called shear force. |
| Shear stress: | (english) Stress acting parallel to an imaginary plane cut through an object. |
| Shear strain: | (english) Strain measuring the intensity of racking in the material. Shear strain is measured as the change in angle of the corners of a small square of material. |
| Shear modulus: | (english) The ratio of shear stress divided by the corresponding shear strain in a linear elastic material. |
| Stability: | (english) Stability is best defined as the opposite of instability, which is the occurrence of large structural deformations which are not the result of material failure. |
| Static equilibrium: | (english) Equilibrium which does not include inertial forces. |
| Statically determinate: | (english) A statically determinate structure is one where there is only one distribution of internal forces and reactions which satisfies equilibrium. In a statically determinate structure, internal forces and reactions can be determined by considering nothing more than equations of equilibrium. |