| Grain | เนื้อภาพ, เกรน, ลักษณะผิววัสดุ, แนวเส้นใย [การพิมพ์] ; เม็ด, เนื้อ [วิชาถ่ายภาพ]; เกรน [อุตสาหกรรมเหล็ก]; เสี้ยน, ด้าน, ลาย, เนื้อ [ป่าไม้] |
| compressive stress perpendicular to grain | หน่วยแรงอัดในแนวตั้งฉากเสี้ยน |
| shear stress along grain | หน่วยแรงเฉือนขนานเสี้ยน |
| Bamboo Grain Structure | (english) A structure in wire or sheet in which the boundaries of the grains tend to be aligned normal to the long axis and to extend completely through the thickness. |
| Batch Anneal | (english) The process by which a large, stationary stack of steel coils (4 coils high) is subjected to a long heat-treating cycle. This process enables the cold-rolled sheet to fully recrystallize into the softest possible product conforming to customer specifications. Controlling the recrystallization process makes a fine-grained microstructure easy to obtain, and minimizes the tendencies for retention of directional properties of the rolled steel which could produce undesirable shapes in the stamping of a cylindrical part such as a can. Also see Anneal and Continuous Anneal. |
| Bend Test | (english) Various tests which is used to ascertain the toughness and ductility of a metal product, in which the material is bent around its axis and/ or around an outside radius. A complete test might specify such a bend to be both with and against the direction of grain. For testing, samples should be edge filed to remove burrs and any edgewise cracks resulting from slitting or shearing. If a vice is to be employed, then you must line the jaws with some soft metal, to permit a flow of the metal in the piece being tested. |
| Break Test (for tempered steel) | (english) A method of testing hardened and tempered high carbon spring steel strip wherein the specimen is held and bent across the grain in a vice-like calibrated testing machine. Pressure is applied until the metal fractures at which point a reading is taken and compared with a standard chart of brake limitations for various thickness ranges. |
| Ottawa Sand | (Concrete Engineering) A sand used as a standard in testing hydraulic cements by means of mortar test specimens. Sand is produced by processing silica rock particles obtained by hydraulic mining of the orthoquartzite situated in open-pit deposits near Ottawa, Illinois; naturally rounded grains of nearly pure quartz. |
| compressive stress parallel to grain | หน่วยแรงอัดในแนวขนานเสี้ยน |
| close-grained | เนื้อละเอียด |