Concentrated force: |
(english) A force considered to act along a single line in space. Concentrated forces are useful mathematical idealizations, but cannot be found in the real world, where all forces are either body forces acting over a volume or surface forces acting over an area. |
Connection: |
(english) Connection is similar to the concept of support, except that connection refers to a relationship between members in a structural model. A connection restrains degrees of freedom of one member with respect to another. For each restrained degree of freedom, there is a corresponding force transferred from one member to the other; forces associated with unrestrained degrees of freedom are zero. See fixed connection and pin connection. |
Couple: |
(english) A system of forces composed of two equal forces of opposite direction, offset by a distance. A couple is statically equivalent to a moment whose magnitude equals the magnitude of the force times the offset distance. |
Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD) |
(Environmental Engineering) The amount of oxygen required to oxidize any carbon containing matter present in a water. |
Carbonyl |
(Environmental Engineering) A functional group with an oxygen atom double bonded to a carbon atom. |
Catabolism |
(Environmental Engineering) The production of energy by the degradation of organic compounds. |
Cell |
(Environmental Engineering) A unit of varying dimensions in a landfill which is isolated from the environment by 6 to 12 inches of soil cover. A cell is one day's waste or less. A cell is covered with soil at the end of each day. |
CFCs |
(Environmental Engineering) Chlorofluorocarbons, chemicals which result in a depletion of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere. |
Chemical fixation (or stabilization/solidification) |
(Environmental Engineering) A term for several different methods of chemically immobilizing hazardous materials into a cement, plastic, or other matrix. |
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) |
(Environmental Engineering) The amount of oxygen required to oxidize any organic matter in the water using harsh chemical conditions. |